Library:Information Disorder
| Information Disorder | |
|---|---|
| Author | Claire Wardle and Hossein Derakhshan |
| First published | 2017 |
| ISBN | — |
| Role | Analysis |
| Domains | Technology & Media Politics & Elections |
| Tactics | Fabrication False Context |
Information Disorder is a 2017 report by Claire Wardle and Hossein Derakhshan. Source: Council of Europe, report DGI(2017)09.
Summary
This report for the Council of Europe proposed a common vocabulary for discussing false and harmful information.
Three types
The authors distinguished misinformation (false information shared without intent to harm), disinformation (false information shared knowingly to cause harm) and malinformation (genuine information shared to cause harm, such as leaks or harassment).
Elements and phases
They described three elements, the agent, the message and the interpreter, and three phases, creation, production and distribution, and made recommendations for technology companies, governments, media, civil society and educators.
Relevance to Bullshitopedia
Its definitions are widely used by researchers and fact-checkers and map closely onto the distinctions in Bullshitopedia's taxonomy.